Group A
1. Define organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry.
Answer: Organic chemistry is defined as the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of organic compounds.
Inorganic chemistry is defined as the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of inorganic compounds or minerals.
2. What are oganic compounds? Give any two examples.
Answer: Organic compounds are those compounds containing carbon and hydrogen as its major elements. Any two examples of organic compounds are Alcohol, Glycerol, etc.
3. Define inorganic compounds with any three examples.
Answer: Inorganic compounds are the compounds that do not contain hydrocarbons. For example: Hydrochloric acid, Sulphuric acid, Sodium Hydroxide.
4. Write down any two properties of carbon.
Answer: Following are the two properties of carbon:
- It is a non-metal with valency 4.
- It has many allotropes.
5. What is a hydrocarbon? Give any two examples.
Answer: A hydrocarbon is a chemical compound that is made up of carbon and hydrogen. Any two examples of hydrocarbon are Alcohol and Glycerol.
6. Write down the position of carbon in the modern periodic table.
Amswer: In the modern periodic table, Carbon is present in the 2nd period and 14th group.
7. What are different sources of carbon that are found in nature?
Answer: Different sources of carbon that are found in nature are coal, diamond, graphite, etc.
8. What is catenation?
Answer: Catenation is the unique property of carbon to form very long compounds by combining with other carbon atoms.
9. What is covalency? Write.
Answer: The number of valence electrons that can be shared by an element to attain its stable state is called covalency.
10. List the allotropes of carbon.
Answer: Folllowing are the allotropes of carbon:
- Cystalline allotropes: Diamond and Graphite
- Amorphous allotropes: Coal and Charcoal
11. What is a crystalline substance? Give any two examples.
Answer: Any substance that has a fixed geometrical shape is called a crystalline substance. Any two examples are Diamond and Gaphite.
12. What type of substance is called an amorphous substance? Give any two examples.
Answer: Any substance that does not posses a fixe geometrical shape is called an amorphous substance. Any two examples are Coal and Charcoal.
13. What is a saturated hydrocarbon?
Answer: A hydrocarbon that has single carbon to carbon covalent bond is called a saturated hydrocarbon. For example: Methane.
14. Define unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Answer: Any hydrocarbon that has at least one multiple covalent bond between two combining carbon atoms is defined as an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Example: Ethene, Ethyne, etc.
15. Write any two properties of diamond.
Answer: Any two properties of diamond are:
- It is a shiny, lusturous non-metal.
- It is the hardest substance on Earth.
16. Write any three properties of graphite.
Answer: Any three properties of graphite are:
- It is a
- It is a non-metal that can conduct electricity.
17. Write any two properties of amorphous carbon.
Answer: Any two properties of amorphous carbon are:
18. What is homologus series?
Answer: A group of organic compounds having in which each successive compounds differ from each other by 14 molecular weight (or -CH2) group is called homologous series.
19. Define isomer and isomerism.
Answer: Isomer is defined as two or more chemical substances with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
Isomerism is the defined as the phenomenon of existence of isomers.
20. Name any two cyrstalline substances.
Answer: Any two crystalline substances are sugar and salt.
21. Name any two amorphous substances.
Answer: Any two amorphous substances are coal and charcoal.
22. Name the type of bond found in inorganic compounds.
Answer: The two type of bond found in inorganic compounds are a) Electrovalent or Ionic bond and b) Covalent bond.
23. What is water gas? Give its formula.
Answer: Carbonmonoxide and water is called water gas. Its formula is $\text{CO + H}_2$.
Group B
1. Differentiate between organic compounds and inorganic compounds.
Answer: Differentiation between organic compounds and inorganic compounds are as follows:
| Organic Compounds | Inorganic Compounds |
|---|---|
| Organic compounds are hydrocarbon containing compounds. | Inorganic compounds are compounds without hydrocarbons. |
| They are bonded by covalent bond. | They are bonded by electrovalent bond. |
| They are generally insoluble in water. | They are generally soluble in water. |
| They have low boiling and melting point. | They have high boiling and melting point. |
| Chemical reaction of organic compounds is slower. | Chemical reaction of inorganic compounds are fast. |
| Example: Methane, Ethane, etc. | Example: Hydrochloric acid, Sulphuric acid, etc. |
2. Methane is called organic copmound but carbon dioxide is called iinorganic compound. Give reason.
Answer: It is because methane is composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms that are linked together by covalent bonds but in carbond dioxide, carbon atom is linked to two oxygen atoms but it is not a hydroccarbon.
3. Differentiate between diamond and graphite.
4. Diamond cannot conduct electricity but graphite can, why?
Answer: Diamonds does not contain mobile (or free) electrons but graphite contains mobile electrons. As a result, diamond cannot conduct electricity but graphite can.
5. Why is graphite used for making lubricants?
Group C
1. What happens when carbon is burnt in air? Write with chemical equation. Write down the poisition of carbon in the Modern periodic table.
2. Write down the methods of naming hydrocarbons with an example. What happens when carbon is burnt in sufficient oxygen?
3. Write any tnree properties of graphite.
4. What hapens when carbon is burnt in insufficient oxgyen? Write with chemical equation. Name any two amorphous substances.
5. What is water gas? Why is it used? Name the type of bond found in organic compounds.
6. Wrrite any three uses of diamond.
7. Write any three uses of graphite.
8. Write any three properties of diamond.
Group D
1. Write any two difference between diamond and graphite. Complete the given chemical equations.
i) C + O (limited supply -> CO
ii) C + H2O -> CO2 + H2
2. Write any two differences between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Which of the following compounds are saturated hydrocarbons? Why?
3. What happens in the following conditions?
i) When carbon is heated with wter
ii) When carbon reacts with lead oxide
iii) When copperoxide reacts with oxygen
iv ) When carbon is burnt in insufficient oxygen
4. Describe the structure and properties of graphite with a labelled diagram.
5. Write any two chemical poroperties of carbon with chemical equations.
6. What is meant by allotropy of carbon? Explain.
7. Describe the nature and sources of carbon.
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